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Clark Daniel Shaughnessy (originally O'Shaughnessy) (March 6, 1892 – May 15, 1970) was an American football coach and innovator. He is sometimes called the "father of the T formation" and the original founder of the forward pass, although that system had previously been used as early as the 1880s. Shaughnessy did, however, modernize the obsolescent T formation to make it once again relevant in the sport, particularly for the Quarterback and the Receiver positions. He employed his innovations most famously on offense, but on the defensive side of the ball as well, and he earned a reputation as a ceaseless experimenter. Shaughnessy held head coaching positions at Tulane University, Loyola University New Orleans, the University of Chicago, Stanford University, the University of Maryland, the University of Pittsburgh, the University of Hawaii, and in the National Football League with the Los Angeles Rams. Shaughnessy also served in advisory capacities with the Chicago Bears and the Washington Redskins. He reached the height of his success in 1940, in his first season at Stanford, where he led the Indians to an undefeated season that culminated with a Rose Bowl victory. That year, he also helped prepare the Chicago Bears for the 1940 NFL Championship Game, in which they routed Washington, 73–0. Shaughnessy's successes showcased the effectiveness of the T formation and encouraged its widespread adoption. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1968. Shaughnessy also coached college basketball at Tulane University. He played college football at the University of Minnesota. ==Early life and college== Shaughnessy was born on March 6, 1892 in St. Cloud, Minnesota,〔(Member Biography: Clark Shaughnessy ), College Football Hall of Fame, National Football Foundation, retrieved July 28, 2009.〕 the second son of Lucy Ann (Foster) and Edward Shaughnessy. He attended North St. Paul High School,〔(''Gophers Illustrated: The Incredible Complete History of Minnesota Football'' ), p. 32, University of Minnesota Press, 2009, ISBN 0-8166-6756-X.〕 and prior to college, had no athletic experience.〔(Tulane Coach Had No Athletic Training Before Entering College ), ''Ludington Daily News'', March 9, 1926.〕 When he attended the University of Minnesota, however, he played college football under head coach Henry L. Williams and alongside halfback Bernie Bierman.〔 Shaughnessy considered Williams to be football's greatest teacher,〔(Great Coach Passes ), ''Reading Eagle'', June 26, 1931.〕 and Williams considered him to be the best passer from the Midwest.〔James W. Johnson, (''The Wow Boys: A Coach, a Team, and a Turning Point in College Football'' ), p. 16, University of Nebraska Press, 2006, ISBN 0-8032-7632-X.〕 Shaughnessy handled both the passing and kicking duties for the team.〔 He played on the freshman squad in 1910 and on the varsity squad from 1911 to 1913,〔 first as an end, then a tackle in 1912, and finally as a fullback in 1913.〔(Chicago's Clark Shaughnessy Named Grid Coach at Stanford ), ''St. Petersburg Times'', January 12, 1940.〕 Of the three, Shaughnessy said he preferred the tackle position.〔 In 1912, he recovered three fumbles against Iowa,〔 and Walter Camp named him an alternate on his All-America team.〔 As a senior, Shaughnessy was named to the All-Big Ten Conference first team.〔(Honors and Awards ), University of Minnesota, retrieved August 15, 2010.〕 Shaughnessy played basketball as a guard and ran track in the 440- and 880-yard events.〔 The Minnesota athletic director asked him to join the basketball team before a game against Illinois, despite the fact he had never played and did not know the rules.〔 He joined the track and field team in similar fashion, and replaced a half-mile runner even though he did not own and had never worn track spikes.〔 In ''The Big Ten: A Century of Excellence'', Shaughnessy was called "one of the most versatile athletes in Minnesota's history."〔Dale Ratermann, (''The Big Ten: A Century of Excellence'' ), Sagamore Publishing, 1996, ISBN 1-57167-037-8.〕 Shaughnessy also competed as a rower with the St. Paul Boat Club.〔 He was a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Clark Shaughnessy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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